ARTICLE

Year : 2016  |  Volume : 5  |  Issue : 5  |  Page : 62-63

Bedaquiline in the multidrug-resistant tuberculosis treatment: Belarus experience

Alena Skrahina¹, Hennadz Hurevich¹, Dennis Falzon², Liudmila Zhilevich³, Valiantsin Rusovich⁴, Masoud Dara⁵, Svetlana Setkina^6
1 Republican Scientific and Practical Centre for Pulmonology and Tuberculosis, Minsk, Belarus
² Global Tuberculosis Programme, World Health Organisation, Geneva, Switzerland
³ General Directorate of Medical Care, Ministry of Health, Minsk, Belarus
⁴ Country Office, World Health Organisation, Minsk, Belarus
⁵ Regional Office for Europe, World Health Organisation, Copenhagen, Denmark
⁶ Centre for Examinations and Tests in Health Care, Minsk, Belarus

Correspondence Address:
Alena Skrahina
Republican Scientific and Practical Centre for Pulmonology and Tuberculosis, Minsk
Belarus

Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None

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DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmyco.2016.11.014

Background/objective: Outcomes of treatment for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) remain poor worldwide. Among patients with MDR-TB in Belarus who started treatment in 2012, only 54% completed it successfully, with treatment failure reported in 22% of the patients; additionally, 11% died and 13% were lost to follow-up or remained unevaluated. In Belarus, to improve outcomes, bedaquiline was introduced in MDR-TB treatment in June 2015. The national TB program developed measures to monitor safety and effectiveness of bedaquiline-containing regimens in line with the World Health Organization recommendations.
Methods: After enrollment of patients, clinical, radiological, laboratory, and microbiological data were carefully collected at start, during treatment, and at follow-up. A total of 197 patients were enrolled: male, 140 (71%); female, 57 (29%); new TB cases, 83 (42%); previously treated, 114 (58%); extensively drug-resistant-TB (XDR-TB), 128 (65%), pre-XDR-TB (fluoroquinolone resistant), 34 (17%), pre-XDR-TB (injectables resistant), 25 (13%), and other MDR-TB cases, 10 (5%).
Results: According to the intermediate analysis, 186 patients currently are continuing with the treatment, two patients died, and nine patients were lost to follow-up. Sputum culture conversion were observed in 186 patients (94%) at 6 months and one (0.5%) of these 197 patients started treatment; six patients (3%) remain sputum culture positive. The safety data were as follows: 135 patients (68%) experienced metabolism and nutrition disorders (hyperuricemia being the most common), 127 patients (64%) experienced hepatobiliary disorders (hepatic functions abnormality being the most common), 93 patients (47%) experienced electrolyte disorders (hypomagnesemia being the most common), 80 patients (41%) experienced cardiac disorders (abnormal electrocardiogram and arrhythmia being the most common), 68 patients (35%) experienced gastrointestinal system disorders (nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain being the most common disorders), 54 patients (27%) experienced blood and the lymphatic system disorders (low platelet count being the most common), 42 patients (21%) experienced renal and urinary disorders (creatinine clearance decrease being the most common), 40 patients (20%) experienced nervous system disorders (headache, dizziness, and paresthesia being the most common ones), 36 patients (18%) experienced skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders (rush and pruritus being the most common), 35 patients (17%) experienced ear and labyrinth disorders (tinnitus and decreased hearing being the most common ones), 32 patients (15%) experienced psychiatric disorders (insomnia being the most common disorder), and 30 patients (14%) experienced infections and infestations (candidiasis being the most common). The most adverse events were mild or moderate in severity and reversible. One death was possibly related to MDR-TB therapy.
Conclusion: Our interim results on safety and effectiveness of bedaquiline-containing regimens in multidrug and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (M/XDR-TB) patients are encouraging. They will add value to understanding role and place of this new anti-TB drug in M/XDR-TB treatment.

Keywords: Anti-TB drug, Bedaquiline, Multidrug and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis, Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis

Conflicts of interest

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